Effect of Guano Fertilizer Doses and Atonic Concentrate Growth Regulator Substances on Curly Chili ( Capsicum annum L.) Plant Yields

Curly chili ( Capsicum annum L.) is a horticultural plant that is included in the vegetable commodity. Production of curly chilies in Indonesia is still unstable so the need for curly chilies is not met so production needs to be increased. This research aimed to determine the effect of the optimal dose of guano fertilizer and concentration of the Atonik Growth Regulator on the yield of curly chili plants The research location is on cultivated land of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur. Th is research used a factorial experiment which was prepared using a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the dose of guano fertilizer (G) consisting of G0: control, G1: 30 g / polybag, G2 : 60 g / polybag, and G3 : 90 g / polybag. The second factor is the atonic ZPT concentration consisting of A0: control, A1: 2 cc/liter, and A2: 4 cc/liter. Observation indicators consist of observations of the vegetative and generative phases. Research data will be analyzed using variance (ANOVA) and if it is significantly different it will be tested further using the Least Significant Difference (BNT) at the 5% level. The results of the research showed that the application of guano and atonic fertilizers affected the yield of curly chili plants with the most effective combination being a dose of guano fertilizer of 90 g/polybag and an atonic concentration of 4 cc/liter.


Introduction
The curly chili plant (Capsicum annum L.) is a plant that is widely cultivated by the community to be used as a food ingredient or food coloring.This plant has high economic characteristics and has many benefits for humans.The substances contained in curly chilies include protein, fat, carbohydrates, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and vitamins.Chili is a vegetable commodity that saves land because to increase production it prioritizes technological improvements in cultivation.Curly chili production in 2014 was relatively low, 0.20-0.33kg per tree or 6.84 tons per Ha.Where productivity optimal chili curly can reach 13-17 tons/ha (Directorate of Food and Agriculture, 2014).This affects chili price fluctuations in the market because market demand cannot be fulfilled.Hence the production of curly chili needs improvement.Increased production can be achieved by way of intensification by optimizing the production factors of curly chili plants except for land expansion such as processing land, using seeds, irrigation, controlling pest and disease plants, as well as using fertilizer Which balanced (Nawangsih et al., 2003).One of the natural fertilizers that can support curly chili production is guano fertilizer plus gift growth regulators such as atonic sea and bats.Fertilizer guano contains elements Phosphorus And nitrogen.Benefit other use fertilizer This that is as a natural fungicide, has good CEC power, and can strengthen plant stems Also optimizing growth leaf new (Tripama et al., 2008).
Atonic is one of the substance regulators that grows class auxin on plants.usage solution atonic on plant function For stimulate growth of root plant so that more Lots, enable absorption element nutrient, increasing discharge bud And fruit as well as repair quality harvest (Permadi, Wasito, And Sumiati, 1989).

Material and Methods
This study was held in land cultivation Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur from November to February 2022.Location this study is an altitude of 3-6 meters above sea level, the average air temperature reaches 23.6 0 C to 33.8 0 C, humidity is 64-82%, And own bulk Rain is 165.3 mm with bulk Rain highest at 200 mm in the months of January-March as well as November-December.
The materials used are curly chili varieties ASA 01, garden soil, polybags plant with a size of 40 x 40 cm, guano fertilizer, atonic growth regulator, compost, and paper label.Tools used are a hoe, squeeze, hand sprayer, stake, fanfare, scales analytic, meter, and tools to write (Scissors, ruler, pencil, etc).Study This is a test factorial Which arranged use design Complete randomization (CRD) consisted of 2 factors which were repeated 3 times.The first factor is that Guano fertilizer doses consist of 4 levels, namely: G 0 = 0 g/polybag, G 1 = 30 g/polybag, G 2 = 60 g/polybag, and G 3 = 90 g/polybag.The second factor is the concentration of atonic substances consisting of 3 levels: A 0 = 0 cc/liter, A 1 = 2 cc/liter, And A 2 = 4 cc/liter.
The data that has been obtained will be analyzed using printed variation (ANOVA).If the analysis results show a real difference, a follow-up test will be carried out with BNT (least significant difference) at the 5% level.

Results and Discussion
Giving a combination dose of fertilizer guano and concentration atonic shows happening interaction very real to parameter tall plant age 56 HST.Treatment dose fertilizer guano 90 g/poly bag (G 3 ) combination with concentration atonic 4 cc/liter (A 2 ) has the highest average value of 44.67 (Table 1).The increase in plant height is influenced by the provision of guano fertilizer which contains nitrogen nutrients which is then supported by the atonic substances provided.Nitrogen can help plant vegetative growth.The nitrogen element will be absorbed more optimally by plants because of the presence of atonic substances (Fahmi, 2018).Atonic growth regulators belong to the auxin group which can stimulate all plant tissues and activate the work of enzymes thereby increasing growth.(Azwar et al., 2018).
Atonic effectively speeds up the development of cells that can support plant metabolic growth and has a good effect on plant height (Gornik et al., 2007).Growth vegetative Which will support the generative growth of plants.In line with the enhancement Which happens in the amount of fruit planting, heavy fruit planting Also experiences enhancement.On parameter This factor guano fertilizer doses show different real whereas factor concentration atonic show No different real.dose fertilizer guano 90 g/poly bag (G 3) combination with concentration atonic 4 cc/liter (A 2) own the highest average value of 44.67 (Table 1).Substances grow atonic including class auxin Which can spur whole network plant and activate the work of enzymes thereby increasing growth (Azwar et al., 2018).Atonic effectively speeds up the development of cells that can support plant metabolic growth and has a good effect on plant height (Gornik et al., 2007).The average value of the number of leaves when the plant is 84 HST.The highest average value was 442.33 in the treatment of guano fertilizer doses of 90 g/polybag (G 3) and atonic concentrations of 2 cc/liter (A 1).The lowest average value of 207 was found in the treatment of guano fertilizer doses of 0 g/polybag and atonic concentrations of 0 cc/liter (Table 2).Nutrients are needed by plants and their functions cannot be replaced by other elements, so if their needs are not fulfilled then the plants cannot grow normally (Roni, 2015).There was no significant interaction in the combination treatment between doses of guano fertilizer and atonic concentrations.In the single-treatment analysis, there were also no significant differences.The guano fertilizer dose treatment had the highest value of 247.80 in the control treatment, whereas in the treatment of atonic concentrations, the highest value was found in the treatment of atonic concentration of 2 cc/liter of 208.80 (Table 3).ZPT with too high a concentration can inhibit the growth of plants (Supriyanto & Prakarsa, 2011).
Adequate nutrients can be supported with growth regulators.This is in line with research by Hidayanto et al. (2014) that aromatic nitro compounds (C 6 H 4 NaNO 2) in atonic can increase root development and stimulate shoot growth.Dinitrophenol compounds in atonic can increase nutrient absorption and stimulate bud release.A tonic can also increase the number of flowers which will then increase crop production.
Growth vegetative which will support the generative growth of plants.In line with the enhancement Which happens on the amount of fruit planting, heavy fruit planting Also experiences enhancement.On parameter, This factor guano fertilizer doses show different real whereas factor concentration atonic show No different real Mark average highest for heavy fruit planting area "m" as big 117.82And 736.37For area "ha" that there is on dosage guano 90 g/poly bag (G 3) (Table 4).
Nutrients N, P, and K can affect fruit formation and fruit weight used in the process of photosynthesis and translocated in storage parts such as fruit (Hafizah & Mukkarramah, 2017).The application of biological fertilizer has a real influence on heavy fruit planting (Yahya Devi et al., 2022).
Table 4. Average fruit weight of chili planting Note: Numbers followed by the same letter in the same column showed no significant difference (tn) on the 5% BNT test Substance regulator grows atonic no show different real on parameter heavy fruit planting.Atonik tends not to show significant results in the growth and production of chilies (Triyanto et al., 2015).Giving atonic with concentration which no optimal cause atonic hinders growth, poison, and turns off plants (Supriyanto & initiative, 2011).
One of the uses of guano fertilizer is to increase available P. The P content available with the highest value was in the combination treatment of atonic concentration of 0 cc/liter with guano fertilizer 90 g/polybag (Table 5).Suwarno and Idris (2007) explained that applying guano fertilizer can increase soil pH, soil CEC, and available N, P, K, and P levels.Guano fertilizer can improve soil fertility, guano fertilizer contains 7-17% N, 8-15% P, and 1.5-2.5% K. N is needed by plants to support plant

Conclusion
Treatment of guano fertilizer doses and concentrations of atonic substances had a significant effect on tall plants aged 56 HST.The number of leaves aged 84 HST, and P available but had no significant effect on the fruit set parameters.Treatment dose fertilizer guano influential real to heavy fruit planting.The average highest dose is 90 g/polybag.Atonic substances do not show significantly different results when used as a single treatment.Re-research is needed.Research is advised not to be carried out during the rainy season.

Table 1 .
Average Height of Curly Chili Plants on Age 56 HST

Table 2 .
Average Number of Leaves of Curly Chili Plants at 84 HST Note: Numbers followed by the same letter indicate n significantly different (tn) in the 5% BNT test.

Table 3 .
Average fruit set of curly chili Note: Numbers followed by the same letter in the same column showed no significant difference (tn) on

Table 5 .
Available P-value in soil : Numbers followed by the same letter indicate no significant difference (tn) in the 5% BNT test Note